Header and Footer

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In this chapter, we will discuss how to add header and footer in Word 2010. Headers and footers are parts of a document that contain special information such as page numbers and the total number of pages, the document title, company logo, any photo, etc. The header appears at the top of every page, and the footer appears at the bottom of every page.

Add Header and Footer

The following steps will help you understand how to add header and footer in a Word document.

Step 1 − Click the Insert tab, and click either the Header button or the Footer button that which needs to be added first. Assume you are going to add Header; when you click the Header button it will display a list of built-in Headers from where you can choose any of the headers by simply clicking on it.

Step 2 − Once you select any of the headers, it will be applied to the document in editable mode and the text in your document will appear dimmed, Header and Footer buttons appear on the Ribbon and a Close Header and Footer button will also appear at the top-right corner.

Step 3 − Finally, you can type your information whatever you want to have in your document header and once you are done, click Close Header and Footer to come out of the header insertion mode. You will see the final result as follows.

You can follow a similar procedure to add footer in your document.

Edit Header and Footer

The following steps will help you understand how to edit the existing header or footer of your document.

Step 1 − Click the Insert tab, and click either the Header button or Footer button or whatever you want to edit. Assume you are going to edit the Header, so when you click the Header button it will display a list of options including the Edit Header option.

Step 2 − Click on the Edit Header option and Word will display the editable header as shown in the following screenshot.

Step 3 − Now you can edit your document header and once you are done, click Close Header and Footer to come out of the edit header mode.

You can follow a similar procedure to edit the footer in your document.

Adjust Page Margins

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In this chapter, we will discuss how to adjust page margins in Word 2010. Margins are the space between the edge of the paper and the text. You can adjust the right, left, top, and bottom margins of your document. By default, Word sets all margins left, right, top, and bottom to 1 inch.

In the screenshot given below, I have shown top, left and right margins, if you will type the complete page, word will leave 1-inch bottom margin as well.

Adjust Margins

The following steps will help you understand how to set margins for an open document.

Step 1 − Open the document the margins of which need to be set. If you want the margins to be applied only to a selected part of a document, select that particular part.

Step 2 − Click the Page Layout tab, and click the Margins button in the Page Setup group. This will display a list of options to be selected but you have to click the Custom Margins option available at the bottom.

You can also select any of the predefined margins from the list, but using custom margins option you will have more control on all the settings.

Step 3 − You will have to display a Page Dialog Box as shown below where you can set top, left, right and bottom margins under the Margins Tab. Select the Apply to: option to apply the margin on selected text or complete document.

Step 4 − If you are going to bind the document and want to add an extra amount of space on one edge for the binding, enter that amount in the Guttertext box, and select the side the gutter is on with the Gutter Position drop-down list. After setting all the desired values for all the margins, click the OKbutton to apply the margins.

Apply Formatting

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In this chapter, we will discuss how to copy and apply formatting in Word 2010. If you already have a well formatted portion of text and you want to apply similar formatting to another portion of text, then Microsoft Word provides a feature to copy and apply a format from one portion of text to another portion of text. This is very useful and a time saving operation.

Copy and Apply of text formatting works for various text attributes; for example, text fonts, text colors, margins, headings, etc.

Copy and Apply Text Formatting

The following steps will help you understand how to copy and apply text formatting from one portion of text in your document to another portion of text in your document.

Step 1 − Select the portion of text containing the formatting that you want to copy. I have selected a text which has bold and underlined font as shown below.

Step 2 − click the Home tab and click the Format Painter button to copy the format of the selected text. As soon as you click the format painter button, the mouse pointer changes to a paint brush when you move the mouse over your document.

Step 3 − Now you are ready to apply the copied text format to any of the selected text. So select a text using mouse where you want to apply the copied text format. While selecting a portion of text, you have to make sure that your mouse pointer is still in paint brush shape. After selecting the text, just release the right-click button of the mouse and you will see that newly selected text is changed to the format used for the original selection. You can click anywhere outside the selection to continue working on your document for further editing.

Copy and Apply Text Formatting multiple times

Step 1 − If you are intended to apply formatting at multiple places, then you will have to double-click the Format Painter button while copying the text format. Later on, you just keep selecting the text where you want to apply the text formatting.

Step 2 − When you are done with applying formatting at all the places, click Format Painter to come out of the format applying operation.

Set Tabs

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In this chapter, we will discuss how to set tabs in Word 2010. Microsoft Word tabs help in setting up information properly within a column. Word enables you to set left, center, right, decimal, or bar tabs to line up columnar information. By default, Word places tabs every .5 inch across the page between the left and right margins.

S.No	Tab & Description
1	Left Left-aligns text at tab stop and this is the default tab.
2	Center Centers text over tab stop.
3	Right Right-aligns text at tab stop.
4	Decimal Aligns numbers at decimal point over tab stop.
5	Bar Creates a bar to separate the text.

Setting a Tab

Following are the simple steps to set the center and the right tabs in a Word document. You can use similar steps but different tabs to set up decimal and bar tabs.

Step 1 − Type some text that you want to line up with the tab stops. Press the Tab key only once between each column of information you to want to line up. I typed the following three lines.

Step 2 − Select a tab type using the Tab button; assume the center tab and finally select the paragraph or paragraphs the tabs of which you want to set. Next click the ruler where you want the tab to appear, a tab will appear at the ruler where you just clicked and the selected portion of text will be adjusted in the center.

Step 3 − Now select the right tab using the Tab Button and click the ruler at the right side where you want to align the text at the right side. A right tab will appear at the ruler where you just clicked and the selected portion of text will be right-aligned.

Moving a Tab

You can move an already set tab at a particular location by following the steps given below.

Step 1 − Click just before the line for which you want to change the tab setting. Drag the tab sign available at the ruler to the left or right.

Step 2 − A vertical line marks its position as you drag and when you click and drag a tab, the text moves with the tab.

Borders and Shades

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In this chapter, we will discuss how to work on borders and shades in Word 2010. Microsoft Word allows you to place a border on any or all of the four sides of selected text, paragraphs, and pages. You can also add different shades to the space occupied by the selected text, paragraphs, and pages. This chapter will teach you how to add any of the borders (left, right, top or bottom) around a text or paragraph or a page and how to add different shadows to them.

Add Borders to Text

Following are the simple steps to add border to any text or paragraph.

Step 1 − Select the portion of text or paragraph to which you want to add border. You can use any of the text selection method to select the paragraph(s).

Step 2 − Click the Border Button to display a list of options to put a border around the selected text or paragraph. You can select any of the option available by simply clicking over it.

Step 3 − Try to add different borders like left, right top or bottom by selecting different options from the border options.

Step 4 − To delete the existing border, simply select the No Border option from the border options.

Note − You can add a horizontal line by selecting the Horizontal Line option from the border options. Otherwise type --- (three hyphens) and press ENTER. A single, light horizontal line will be created between the left and the right margins.

Add Borders to Page

You can add borders of your choice to word pages by following the steps given below.

Step 1 − Click the Border Button to display a list of options to put a border. Select the Border and Shading option available at the bottom of the list of options as shown in the above screenshot. This will display a Border and Shading dialog box. This dialog box can be used to set borders and shading around a selected text or page borders.

Step 2 − Click the Page Border tab which will display a list of border settings, styles and options whether this border should be applied to the whole document or just one page or the first page.

Step 3 − You can use the Preview section to disable or enable left, right, top or bottom borders of the page. Follow the instruction given in the preview section itself.

Step 4 − You can customize your border by setting its color, width by using different art available under the style section.

You can have similar or even better borders as given below.

Add Shades to Text

The following steps will help you understand how to add shades on a selected portion of text or a paragraph(s).

Step 1 − Click the Border Button to display a list of options to put a border. Select the Border and Shading option available at the bottom of the list of options as shown in the above screenshot. This will display a Border and Shading dialog box. This dialog box can be used to set borders and shading around a selected portion of text or page borders.

Step 2 − Click the Shading tab; this tab will display the options to select fill, color and style and whether this border should be applied to a paragraph or a portion of text.

Step 3 − You can use the Preview section to have an idea about the expected result. Once you are done, click the OK button to apply the result.

Set Line Spacing

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In this chapter, let us discuss how to set line spacing in Word 2010. A line spacing is the distance between two lines in a Microsoft Word document. You can increase or decrease this distance as per your requirement by following a few simple steps. This chapter will explain how to set the distance between two lines as well as how to set the distance between two paragraphs.

Spacing between Lines

Following are the simple steps to adjust spacing between two lines of the document.

Step 1 − Select the paragraph or paragraphs for which you want to define spacing. You can use any of the text selection method to select the paragraph(s).

Step 2 − Click the Line and Paragraph Spacing Button triangle to display a list of options to adjust space between the lines. You can select any of the option available by simply clicking over it.

Spacing between Paragraphs

You can also set distance between two paragraphs. Following are the simple steps to set this distance.

Step 1 − Select the paragraph or paragraphs for which you want to define spacing and click the Paragraph Dialog Box launcher available on the Home tab.

Step 2 − Click the Before spinner to increase or decrease the space before the selected paragraph. Similar way, click the After spinner to increase or decrease the space after the selected paragraph. Finally, click the OK button to apply the changes.

You can use the Line Spacing option available at the dialog box to set line spacing as we have seen in previous example. You can try it yourself.

Create Bullets

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Microsoft word provides bullets and numbers to put a list of items in a nice order. This chapter will teach you simple steps to create either the bulleted or the numbered lists in simple steps.

Create a List from Existing Text

This is very simple to convert a list of lines into a bulleted or numbered list. Following are the simple steps to create either bulleted list or numbered list.

Step 1 − Select a list of text to which you want to assign bullets or numbers. You can use any of the text selection method to select the portion of text.

Step 2 − Click the Bullet Button triangle to display a list of bullets you want to assign to the list. You can select any of the bullet style available by simply clicking over it.

Step 3 − If you are willing to create a list with numbers, then click the Numbering Button triangle instead of the bullet button to display a list of numbers you want to assign to the list. You can select any of the numbering style available by simply clicking over it.

Create a List as You Type

You can create a bulleted list as you type. Word will automatically format it according to your text. Following are the simple steps to create bulleted list as you type.

Step 1 − Type *, and then either press the SPACEBAR or press the TAB key, and then type the rest of what you want in the first item of the bulleted list.

Step 2 − When you are done with typing, press Enter to add the item in the list automatically and go to add next item in the list.

Step 3 − Repeat Step 2 for each list item.

You can create a numbered list as you type. Word will automatically format it according to your text. Following are the simple steps to create numbered list as you type.

Step 1 − Type 1, and then either press the SPACEBAR or press the TAB key, and then type the rest of what you want in the first item of the numbered list.

Step 2 − When you are done with typing, press Enter to add the item in the list automatically and go to add next item in the list.

Step 3 − Repeat Step 2 for each list item.

You can create sub-lists. These sub-lists are called multi-lists. It is simple to create sublists; press the Tab key to put items in sub-list. You can try it yourself.